LESSON 2

STAGES OF PROCESS RESEARCH. In this issue we have seen the phases of the research process. So I'll tell you shortly what each one. The research process is divided into three stages, called conceptual, empirical and interpretive. CONCEPTUAL STAGE: At this stage we get the following questions, what research and investigate why? And we follow the order: Observation of facts, identification and formulation of problems, literature review, theoretical framework, problem definition, defining objectives, operational definition of terms and variables, hypothesis formulation (if we propose a relationship with another factor) and importance of study and limitation . this stage we consider the most important and most complicated. EMPIRICAL STAGE: At this stage we formulate the following question: how to investigate? This stage is the most practical, and corresponds to the research planning (material and methods), define the study population, sampling, variables, problem definition data collection and processing and registration. Fieldwork (run all of the above) and analyze the data. This stage should ensure control or testing, ie should be as reliable and it must have an internal and external validity. INTERPRETIVE STAGE: will at this stage validation of methods and results, describe the strengths and weaknesses of the study, the findings will relate to the objectives or hypotheses we posed, we will discuss the novel and relevant aspects and will draw conclusions. In this issue we have also seen the possible errors and biases that may occur in a study if you do not consider. Where we can find random errors and systematic errors or bias that may be sorting, selection and confusion. In the following topics we will develop gradually each stage, so that in our future research commit less errors or possible bias and has high reliability and accuracy.