LESSON 6

EMPIRICA STAGE OF RESEARCH

The lesson is divided into design, material and method.

Within the material and method we distinguish:

* Study population: selection of individuals

* Sampling

* Size

This is followed by a schedule data collection as well as a record and procedure. Behind them is continued data collection and analysis thereof.

There are three types of design:

1. descriptive design: a prevalence study.

2. Analytical design: measures the strength of association between two variables. It can be: cohort study or follow-up (prospective or retrospective) or case-control study.

3. Experimental design: the independent variable is introduced by the researcher. There are hypotheses, not limited to observar.Puede be clinical trial or quasi-experimental.

As a result, measures of association home one of the studies, the prevalence, incidence and relative risk are explained.

EXAMPLE:

In a population of 15,000 people you want to know what is the incidence of breast cancer in women between 50 and 64 years.
The population is made up of 8500 women, of which 15% are between 50 and 64 years. Of these, 15 have already been diagnosed with breast cancer. After a year of active follow-up, 6 more cases were detected. What is the cumulative incidence in this population?

8.500 Woman------- 15% Between 50/64 years ========== 1275 women

1275 women:
                       15 Breast cancer
                       1260 without disease --------- over 1 year, 6 more cases

Cumulative incidence = 6/1260= 0´0047 for 1 year. It´s mean that the acumulative incidence is          0´47%  for 1 year.

Finally say that this lesson has been very difficult and boring and I have had to spend many hours of study to get to understand, especially to be able to identify the types of studies.